ABSTRACT The article considers aspects of “A derradeira injúria”, poem by Machado de Assis published in a Portuguese-Brazilian (1885) collection commemorating the hundred years of the death of Pombal. Relating the text (an imaginative narrative of a posthumous episode) to the celebrations of the marquis’ first funeral centenary in Rio de Janeiro (1882), it pays attention to its peculiarities and to how the poem and other publications that address both the celebrations and the widespread historical discourse about Pombal mobilize the Pombaline past. The article underlines the way Machado sets himself apart from the commemorative effort that characterizes the publication his text integrates.

RESUMEN Se consideran aspectos de “A derradeira injúria”, poema de Machado de Assis publicado en una colección luso-brasileña conmemorativa del centenario de la muerte de Pombal (1885). El texto (narrativa imaginativa de un episodio póstumo) se relaciona con las festividades del I centenario fúnebre del marqués en Río de Janeiro (1882), acentuándose en cómo se moviliza el pasado pombalino en el poema y en otros impresos que abordan tanto las celebraciones como el discurso histórico difundido sobre Pombal. Se destaca cómo el autor se distingue de la conmemoración que caracteriza la publicación que su texto integra.

RESUMO Consideram-se aspectos de “A derradeira injúria”, poema de Machado de Assis publicado em uma coletânea luso-brasileira comemorativa dos cem anos da morte de Pombal (1885). Relaciona-se o texto (narrativa imaginativa de um episódio póstumo) aos festejos do 1º centenário fúnebre do marquês no Rio de Janeiro (1882), atentando-se a como se mobiliza o passado pombalino no poema e em outros impressos que abordam tanto as celebrações quanto o discurso histórico difundido sobre Pombal. Destaca-se como o autor se distingue do comemorativismo que caracteriza a publicação que seu texto integra.

ABSTRACT The application of silicon (Si) in plants benefits the performance of several species. However, the dynamics of the element, mainly in non-accumulating species such as tomatoes, are rarely analyzed. This study investigated the dynamics of Si in tomato plants cultivated under different forms of application and water conditions. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with four replications, using a factorial scheme 2 x 4: two water conditions (60 and 100% of the evapotranspiration of the crop - ETc), and four forms of silicon application (without application, full dose applied at soil, split dose applied at soil, and foliar application). Si content in the soil and in the different plant organs were analyzed. Si content in the soil increased after the crop cycle depending on the application form (full or split doses). The dynamics of Si accumulation and extraction by tomato are influenced by the application form (higher in soil application) and water management, with fruits and leaves having the higher values. Si application, mainly in the soil, increased the rate of Si accumulation and extraction by tomatoes cultivated in different water conditions.

RESUMO A aplicação de silício em plantas ocasiona benefícios no desempenho de diversas espécies. Entretanto, a dinâmica do elemento, principalmente em plantas de espécies não acumuladoras como o tomate, é pouco analisada. O estudo teve como objetivo analisar a dinâmica do silício no cultivo do tomate em diferentes condições hídricas e formas de aplicação do elemento. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições, adotando esquema fatorial 2 x 4: duas condições de reposição hídrica (60 e 100% da evapotranspiração da cultura - ETc), quatro formas de aplicação de silício (sem aplicação, aplicação no solo de dose total, aplicação no solo de dose parcelada e aplicação foliar). Foi analisado o teor de silício no solo e nos componentes vegetais do tomateiro. O teor de silício no solo após o cultivo foi elevado em função da aplicação do elemento, em dose total ou parcelada. A dinâmica de acúmulo e extração do silício pelo tomateiro é influenciada pelo manejo hídrico e pela forma de aplicação do elemento, sendo as maiores taxas no fruto e na folha. A aplicação do elemento, principalmente no solo, elevou a taxa de acúmulo e extração do silício pelo tomateiro cultivado em diferentes condições de reposição hídrica.

Abstract Survival in rectal cancer has been related mainly to clinical and pathological staging. Recurrence is the most challenging issue when surgical treatment of rectal cancer is concerned. This study aims to establish a recurrence pattern for rectal adenocarcinoma submitted to surgical treatment between June 2003 and July 2021. After applying the exclusion criteria to 305 patients, 166 patients were analyzed. Global recurrence was found in 18.7% of them, while 7.8% have had local recurrence. Recurrences were diagnosed from 5 to 92 months after the surgical procedure, with a median of 32.5 months. Follow-up varied from 6 to 115 months. Recurrence, in literature, is usually between 3 and 35% in 5 years and shows a 5-year survival rate of only 5%. In around 50% of cases, recurrence is local, confined to the pelvis. This study was consonant with the literature in most aspects evaluated, although a high rate of local recurrence remains a challenge in seeking better surgical outcomes.

Resumo Passados 50 anos da publicação de Uma Teoria da Justiça de John Rawls, a questão da relevância das teorias ideais na aplicação da justiça permanece em aberto. As respostas possíveis são sempre determinadas por uma série de ideias e crenças que constituem o imaginário social, que estabelece as possibilidades e os limites de como podemos vir a projetar justiça nas possíveis transformações das instituições que nos regulamentam. Os processos de aplicação da justiça requerem, obrigatoriamente, um guia normativo que estabelece se estamos ou não enfrentando progressos ou retrocessos reais. Eu defendo que este guia é fornecido por uma teoria ideal ou por um ponto de vista normativo idealmente construído. Além disso, defendo que os imaginários políticos não podem ser articulados sem a presença de uma teoria ideal, e, por isso, defendo que a estrutura dos processos de aplicação da justiça deve ter um espaço deontológico de natureza ideal e um momento teleológico que estabeleça o fim a ser alcançado.

Resumen Luego de pasados cincuenta años de la publicación de Teoría de la justicia de John Rawls, la pregunta por la relevancia de las teorías ideales en la aplicación de la justicia sigue estando pendiente. Las posibles respuestas siempre están determinadas por una serie de ideas y creencias que constituyen el imaginario social, que establece las posibilidades y los límites de la forma en que podríamos llegar a proyectar la justicia en las posibles transformaciones de las instituciones que nos regulan. Los procesos de aplicación de la justicia requieren necesariamente contar con una guía normativa que paute si efectivamente estamos ante avances o retrocesos, y esa guía sostengo que la brinda una teoría ideal o un punto de vista normativo idealmente construido. Además, defiendo que los imaginarios políticos no pueden llegar a articularse sin la presencia de una teoría ideal, por lo que argumento que la estructura de los procesos de aplicación de la justicia debe contar con un momento deontológico de corte ideal y un momento teleológico que establece el fin a realizar.

Abstract Regular physical exercise is considered an effective method for preserving and improving balance in elderly women. However, it is unclear whether resistance and aerobic exercises have the same effect on balance in elderly women. With this in mind, the aim of this study is to compare the effects of resistance and aerobic training on balance and concern about falls in elderly women. For this purpose, elderly women from the resistance training group (RTG; n = 15) and the aerobic exercise group (AEG; n = 15) had their physical activity level, balance and concern about falls evaluated. No significant differences were observed between the groups in physical activity level (χ²= 0.240; gl= 1; p<0.624). However, the elderly women from the RTG showed better performance in the balance test (49.8±3.85) and low concern about possible falls (18.3±1.44), when compared to the elderly women from the AEG (balance: 28 .13±4.24; χ² Wald (1) = 176.778; p<0.0001; concern about possible falls: 33.0±5.93; χ² Wald (1) = 87.5; p<0.001). In view of this, we can conclude that elderly women who practiced resistance training showed better balance and less concern about possible falls compared to those who practiced aerobic exercises.

Resumo A prática regular de exercício físico tem sido considera uma conduta eficiente para melhorar o equilíbrio de idosos. Porém, não está muito claro se os exercícios físicos resistido e aeróbio resultam no mesmo efeito sobre o equilíbrio em mulheres idosas. Pensando nisso, o objetivo deste estudo foi comparar os efeitos dos treinamentos resistido e aeróbio sobre o equilíbrio e a preocupação com quedas em idosas. Para tal, foram avaliadas idosas do grupo treinamento resistido (GTR; n = 15) e do grupo aeróbio (GEA; n = 15). Foram mensurados o nível de atividade física, o equilíbrio e a preocupação com a queda. Nenhuma diferença significativa entre grupos foi observada no nível de atividade física (χ²= 0,240; gl= 1; p<0,624). Porém, as idosas do GTR apresentaram melhor desempenho no teste de equilíbrio (49,8±3,85) e baixa preocupação com uma possível queda (18,3±1,44), quando comparadas com as idosas do GEA (equilíbrio: 28,13±4,24; χ² Wald (1) = 176,778; p<0,0001; preocupação com uma possível queda: 33,0±5,93; χ² Wald (1) = 87,5; p<0,001). No presente estudo, podemos concluir que idosas praticantes de treinamento resistido apresentaram melhor equilíbrio e menor preocupação com uma possível queda em relação às idosas praticantes de exercício aeróbio.

Resumen La fenología de las especies frutales está influenciada por la poda. En esta perspectiva, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el crecimiento y fenología de la higuera ‘Roxo de Valinhos’ sometida a intervenciones de formación y poda productiva en la región semiárida de Piauí. Luego de la poda formativa en 27 plantas de higuera, se realizó la evaluación fenológica en base a los períodos comprendidos entre: la poda y el inicio de la brotación; comienzo y final de la cosecha; y duración del período de cosecha. Adicio nalmente, se evaluó la longitud, diámetro, número de hojas, número de nudos, número de brotes y número de inflorescencias. Para la poda de producción, las ramas se sometieron a tres tratamientos (10, 20 y 30 cm) con nueve réplicas cada una, evaluando las variables mencionados anteriormente. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó el GLMM asumiendo como factores fijos el tamaño de la rama al momento de la poda (10, 20 y 30 cm); tiempo después de la poda (30, 60, 90 y 120 días) y la interacción entre factores. El cultivo de la higuera se adaptó a la Mesorregión de Gurgueia Medio Superior y mostró precocidad en todas las etapas fenológicas en relación con las plantas de higuera cultivadas en regiones templadas. En relación con la poda de producción en el cultivo de la higuera, el tamaño de la rama en función del tiempo no influye en el desarrollo del cultivo.

Abstract Tree pruning influences the phenology of fruit species. The present study aimed to evaluate the growth and phenology of the fig cultivar ‘Roxo de Valinhos’ subjected to formative and production pruning in the semi-arid region of Piauí. A phenological analysis was performed after formative pruning in 27 fig plants based on the following periods: from formative pruning to the beginning of sprouting, at the beginning of harvest and at its end, and during harvest. Additionally, the variables of branch length, branch diameter, number of leaves, nodes, shoots, inflorescences, and secondary branches were also evaluated. The production pruning treatments (10, 20, and 30 cm) had nine replications each. The Generalized Linear Mixed Model used assumed as fixed factors the branch sizes at pruning (10, 20, and 30 cm), time after pruning (30, 60, 90, and 120 days), and the interaction between factors. The results revealed that figs were well adapted to the semi-arid region of Piauí and showed precocity at all phenological stages compared to those grown in temperate regions. With regard to production pruning, branch size as a function of time did not influence fig development.

Abstract Purpose The singularity of being the first Chinese manufacturer of drug-eluting stents to arrive in Brazil and the country being selected as the company's first experience outside its home country motivated the interest in the study of this case, vis-à-vis with the characteristic of internationalization medical device companies according to the Uppsala model. Considering this context, the following research question was outlined: “How did Microport internationalize before the distribution of its stents product in Brazil?” The aim of the study is to investigate Microport's internationalization process for the distribution of its drug-eluting stents in Brazil. Design/methodology/approach Exploratory research under the qualitative method was adopted. It chose the single case study as a procedure for data collection, as it is a revealing, exemplary subject that offers opportunities for access to unusual research. The company MicroPort was chosen because in the period when Chinese medical device companies were focused on gaining market share in China, MicroPort began its international expansion, choosing Brazil as the first country to have its own subsidiary. It consists in the case of the internationalization of a high-tech EMNE in an emerging country that has institutional and cultural differences. Findings Taking advantage of new technology in highly internationalized environments favors its insertion; the internationalization of medical technology can expand according to the Uppsala Model, which does not explain internationalization, but rather its evolution. Cultural and behavioral issues reinforce that the development of the market for medical devices depends on local perspectives and values. The formation of an ecosystem in the local market for internationalization is observed. One implication of the study is that MicroPort's experience and the application of the Uppsala model for international expansion can serve as an important learning experience for Brazilian multinational companies. Research limitations/implications Empirical analysis carried out in the context of a single company. Although the results can be used as lessons learned from the application of the Uppsala model for international expansion of EMNE in an emerging market, caution should be exercised when generalizing its findings. Future studies could carry out comparative cases considering other emerging multinational companies, from the same sector or even from different industries, investing in other emerging markets. There is a limitation of the fact that the case studied does not explore the concepts of the later stages of the Uppsala model. Practical implications High-tech EMNEs internationalizing in other markets need to adopt aggressive strategies. The need to adopt different strategies for supply chain operations according to the specificities of the markets in which they operate. Important contributions to the Uppsala model, with regard to the process of passing stages, learning and networking. The findings of this study have similarities to the process described as a sequence of distinct phases of activities. Social implications A local top management team is essential to deal with institutional issues of government agencies when EMNE is internationalized in a culturally distant market. When there are major institutional differences between the country of origin and the host country, the autonomy in the management of the foreign subsidiary positively influences the acceleration of the internationalization process of companies in the high-tech sector. When there are major institutional differences between the country of origin and the country of destination, the use of local social networks positively influences the acceleration of the internationalization process of companies in the high-technology sector. Originality/value Regardless of these limitations, the study provided an exciting case of internationalization of a Chinese company in Brazil operating in a high-tech medical sector. The challenges for the internationalization of EMNEs continue, which makes it opportune for future studies to include more research in this area. The propositions suggested in the study may be the first step.

ABSTRACT Retrorectal hamartoma, also called tailgut cyst, is a congenital lesion resulting from the non-regression of embryo remnants of the hindgut. We describe in this work the case report of a 68-year-old man, previously healthy, complaining of rectal bulging for 4 months, which was diagnosed by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging as a multi-loculated and mucinous lesion, suggestive of tailgut cyst. In view of the finding, the lesion was surgically resected, due to the potential for future complications, and, through the anatomopathological analysis, there were no findings of malignancy in the specimen.

RESUMO O artigo apresenta um breve percurso crítico-reflexivo pela região central de Lisboa, cidade que constrói, preserva e cultiva uma herança percebida como pombalina. O autor se atenta à conformação de marcos, narrativas e usos de aspectos de um passado ligado ao marquês de Pombal. Tomam-se como foco o Lisboa Story Centre, as tentativas de fazer da Lisboa Pombalina Patrimônio Mundial da UNESCO e a praça do Comércio; espaço vinculado ao discurso mais difundido sobre a reconstrução da capital após o terremoto de 1755 - discurso duradouro que se remete, no fundo, às ideias e justificativas elaboradas e divulgadas pelo marquês e por seus colaboradores.

ABSTRACT The paper presents a brief critical-reflective journey through the central region of Lisbon, a city that builds, preserves, and cultivates a heritage perceived as Pombaline. The author draws attention to the conformation of milestones, narratives, and uses of aspects of a past connected to the Marquis of Pombal. The article focuses on the Lisboa Story Centre, the attempts to make Lisboa Pombalina an UNESCO World Heritage Site, and the Praça do Comércio; a space linked to the most widespread discourse about the reconstruction of the capital after the 1755 earthquake - a long-lasting discourse that refers, in essence, to the ideas and justifications elaborated and disseminated by the Marquis and his collaborators.

Abstract Social pathologies are social processes that take their name as opposed to what would be a healthy social state that is taken as a reference, which can be reconstructed from the way we exercise our freedom and autonomy as manifestations of our practical rationality. The tradition that has conceptualized social pathologies establishes as their distinctive feature the imposition of the means-ends rationality on spaces alien to it. I will defend that this feature can be generalized and radicalized to contemplate that in pathological social processes all types of practical rationality can be imposed on social spaces that are alien to their logic. In turn, an explanation of these processes based on the cognitive mechanisms that lead to an unconscious transformation of our beliefs and that modify the meaning of a shared practice will be introduced.

Resumen Las patologías sociales son procesos sociales que toman su nombre en contraposición con lo que sería un estado social saludable que se toma como referencia, y puede reconstruirse a partir de la forma en que ejercemos nuestra libertad y autonomía como manifestaciones de nuestra racionalidad práctica. La tradición que ha conceptualizado las patologías sociales establece como rasgo distintivo a la imposición de la racionalidad de medios a fines en espacios sociales ajenos a ella. Voy a defender que este rasgo puede generalizarse y radicalizarse para explicar a los procesos sociales patológicos como casos de imposición de los diferentes tipos de racionalidad práctica en espacios sociales ajenos a su lógica. A su vez, se introducirá una explicación de estos procesos a partir de los mecanismos cognitivos que llevan a una transformación no consciente de nuestras creencias y que modifican el sentido de una práctica compartida.

Abstract Introduction The outcomes regarding portal hypertension-related complications and infections after HCV cure in decompensated cirrhosis are scarcely reported. We aimed to identify the predictors of survival and to evaluate the frequency of decompensation events of cirrhosis, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), portal hypertension complications and infections in a cohort of decompensated cirrhotic with sustained virological response (SVR) in a real-world scenario. Patients and methods This was a prospective study in consecutive HCV-infected patients with decompensated cirrhosis who achieved SVR after direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment. At baseline, clinical and laboratory data were recorded. Patients were followed until development of outcomes regarding further decompensation, death, or liver transplant. A Cox-regression analysis was performed and survival curves were constructed using the Kaplan Mayer method. Results One hundred and thirty patients (age 60 ± 9 years, 64% female, 70% genotype 1) were included and followed-up through three years. SVR was associated with a lower prevalence of ascites and an improvement in Child-Pugh and MELD scores. One and three-year probability of transplant-free survival was 93% and 66%, respectively. Variables related to three-years survival were MELD < 11 (HR 1.24, 95% CI 1.13-1.37) and absence of ascites (HR 2.03, 95% CI 0.99-4.13) after the end of treatment (91% versus 37% in patients with ascites and a higher MELD, p< 0.001). Conclusions Decompensated cirrhotics with SVR and a low MELD without ascites have an excellent long-term prognosis. On the contrary, those with higher MELD and ascites have a low probability of survival even in the short term and might be evaluated for liver transplantation.

ABSTRACT Background and aims: Treatment of hepatitis C with direct antiviral agents (DAA) is associated with almost 95% of sustained virological response. However, some patients need retreatment. In Brazil, it should be done according to the Ministry of Health guidelines, frequently updated to include newly available drugs. This study aimed to conduct a national survey about the characteristics and outcomes of retreatment of hepatitis C in previously non-responders to DAAs. Patients and methods: Institutions from all over the country were invited to participate in a national registry for retreatment, including information about clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the patients, type and outcomes of retreatment regimens. Only patients previously treated with interferon-free regimens were included. Results: As previous treatments the distribution was: SOF/DCV (56%), SOF/SIM (22%), 3D (11%), SOF/LED (6%) and SOF/RBV (5%). For retreatment the most frequently used drugs were SOF/GP (46%), SOF/DCV (23%) and SOF/VEL (11%). From 159 patients retreated, 132/159 (83%) had complete information in the registry and among them only seven patients were non-responders (SVR of 94.6%). All retreatments were well tolerated, without any serious adverse events or interruptions. Conclusion: The retreatment of patients previously non-responders to DAAs was associated with high rate of SVR in this sample of Brazilian patients. This finding allows us to conclude that the retreatment options available in the public health system in Brazil are effective and safe and are an important component of the strategy of elimination of hepatitis C in our country.

Abstract The concept of ideology has played an important role in explaining and criticizing the reproduction and justification of circumstances of oppression and domination. However, its formulation in terms of false consciousness has the burden of assuming an asymmetry between the one who attributes ideology and the supposed victim, which is an almost indefensible perspective. As a way to overcome this difficulty, I propose a formulation of the concept in postmetaphysical terms, which, in being anchored in intersubjectivity and proceduralism, cancels the possibility of assuming a privileged access in the ideology attribution process. Such formulation consists of a deceptive justification that generates the blockage to justification, that is, the closure of the subject to the reasons of the others and hence to a reinforcement of one’s already adopted beliefs. This formulation also opens the way for situating the critique of ideology in the processes of justification, especially in the spaces where public discussion takes place.

Resumen El concepto de ideología ha cumplido una importante función para explicar y criticar la reproducción y justificación de circunstancias de opresión y dominación. Sin embargo, la formulación en términos de falsa conciencia carga con la dificultad de asumir una asimetría entre quien atribuye ideología y la supuesta víctima de ella, que hace a tal perspectiva prácticamente indefendible. Para esta dificultad, propongo una formulación del concepto en términos posmetafísicos, que al estar anclada en la intersubjetividad y la procedimentalidad, cancela la posibilidad de asumir un acceso privilegiado en el proceso de atribución de ideología. Tal formulación es en términos de justificación engañosa que genera el bloqueo a la justificación, es decir, el cierre del sujeto a las razones de los otros y a un reforzamiento de las adoptadas. Esto también abre el camino para que la crítica de la ideología opere en los procesos de justificación, especialmente en los espacios donde se lleva adelante la discusión pública.

RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar a correlação entre qualidade de vida e diminuição da acuidade visual em idosos portadores catarata senil. Métodos: Estudo transversal e quantitativo com 53 idosos portadores de catarata senil e candidatos à facectomia em uma clínica oftalmológica particular da cidade de Montes Claros, Minas Gerais. Para investigação sociodemográfica, foi utilizado questionário elaborado pelos autores. A investigação acerca da qualidade de vida relacionada à visão foi feita por meio do questionário National Eye Institute - Visual Function Questionnaire 25 (NEI-VFQ 25). Para análise estatística, aplicou-se o coeficiente de correlação linear de Pearson e Teste de Hipóteses em que a estatística do teste segue distribuição t-Student, com nível de significância de 5% (p < 0,05). Resultados: A maioria dos pacientes entrevistados apresentava idade compreendida entre 70 a 79 anos (n.29 / 54,7%) e era do sexo feminino (n.30 / 56,6%). A relação de dependência entre o escore médio do domínio "Capacidade Visual" com o do domínio "Qualidade de Vida" obteve coeficiente de correlação de Pearson igual a 0,664, estatisticamente significante ao teste t de Student (p < 0,001). Assim, há evidências de que a qualidade de vida e a função visual estariam correlacionadas de forma que quanto maior a capacidade visual, maior seria a qualidade de vida. Conclusão: A correlação entre saúde ocular e capacidade funcional de idosos pode ser obtida pela aplicação do National Eye Institute - Visual Function Questionnaire 25 (NEI-VFQ 25), gerando dados que revelam a necessidade da garantia de acesso da população idosa à saúde ocular.

ABSTRACT Purpose: To investigate the correlation between quality of life and decreased visual acuity in elders with senile cataract. Methods: A transversal and quantitative study involving 53 elderly patients with senile cataracts and candidates for cataract surgery in a private ophthalmology clinic in Montes Claros, Minas Gerais. For sociodemographic investigation, a questionnaire elaborated by the authors was used. Research on visual-related quality of life was done through the National Eye Institute - Visual Function Questionnaire 25 (NEI-VFQ 25) questionnaire. For statistical analysis, Pearson's correlation coefficient and hypothesis testing were applied, in which the test statistic follows a Student's t distribution, with 5% significance level (p < 0,05). Results: The majority of the interviewed patients' ages were comprehended between 70 and 79 years old (n.29 / 54,7%) and were female (n.30 / 56,6%). The correlation between the mean score of the "Visual Capacity" domain and of the "Quality of Life" domain had Pearson's correlation coefficient equal to 0,664, statistically significant in Student's t-test (p < 0,001). Therefore, there are evidences that the quality of life and the visual function are correlated so that the better the visual capacity, the better the quality of life. Conclusion: The correlation between ocular health and functional capacity of the elderly can be obtained by the application the National Eye Institute - Visual Function Questionnaire 25 (NEI-VFQ 25), generating data that reveals the necessity of guaranteed access to ocular health by the elderly population.